The AWS global infrastructure includes which two components?

The AWS global infrastructure is fundamentally built on the concepts of Regions and Availability Zones. A Region is a geographical area that contains multiple data centers, known as Availability Zones, which are isolated from one another to provide high availability and fault tolerance. Each Availability Zone consists of one or more discrete data centers, ensuring that even in the event of a failure in one Zone, applications can continue to operate from another.

This architecture allows AWS to offer services in a scalable manner, providing redundancy and disaster recovery capabilities. When deploying applications, customers can choose to distribute them across multiple Availability Zones within a Region to enhance their application's reliability and reduce latency.

While other options mention components of the AWS architecture—like Data Lakes and Storage Gateways, or Edge Locations and CloudFront—these terms refer to specialized services and features rather than the foundational structure of AWS's global infrastructure. Similarly, VPCs (Virtual Private Clouds) and IAM Roles (Identity and Access Management) pertain to network configuration and security services respectively, but do not define the overarching global infrastructure that AWS operates on.