What role does virtualization play in cloud computing?

Virtualization is a fundamental technology in cloud computing that enables multiple operating systems to operate on a single physical server. This capability maximizes resource utilization by allowing different workloads to run concurrently, each in its own isolated environment. By doing so, virtualization optimizes hardware, reduces the footprint of physical servers needed, and increases flexibility in deploying applications and services.

When virtualization is implemented, it abstracts the physical hardware, allowing cloud providers to allocate resources dynamically. This means that cloud environments can be more efficient and scalable, as virtual machines can be spun up or down based on demand without needing to configure and maintain additional physical servers. This direct correlation between virtualization and multi-tenancy is a hallmark of cloud computing, enabling cost-effective and flexible IT solutions.

The other options do not accurately reflect the essence of virtualization in the cloud. While virtualization does lead to better resource management, it does not entirely eliminate the requirement for physical servers nor does it standardize applications or restrict access to cloud environments.